Puas yog cov nplai hluav taws xob raug? Vim li cas dej thiab roj metive qee zaus khiav tawm ntawm "tus lej loj"? Kev Taw Qhia Thaum Tsav Tsheb Yuav Ua Li Cas - Lub Sijhawm Ua Haujlwm? Ntau yam ntawm lub neej txhua hnub yog qhov tseeb ntsig txog kev ntsuas. Lub Tsib Hlis 20 yog "ntiaj teb metrology hnub", metrology yog zoo li huab cua, tsis pom, tab sis ib txwm nyob ib puag ncig tib neeg.
Kev ntsuas yog hais txog kev ua ub no ntawm kev paub txog kev sib sau ua ke thiab raug thiab txhim khu kev qha thiab ntsuas "hauv peb lub keeb kwm. With the development of production and science and technology, modern metrology has developed into an independent discipline covering length, heat, mechanics, electromagnetism, radio, time frequency, ionizing radiation, optics, acoustics, chemistry and other ten categories, and the definition of metrology has also expanded to the science of measurement and its application.
Metrology tsim kom sai nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev siv tshuab kev lag luam, thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm txhawb kev nce qib kev lag luam ntawm kev tsim khoom. Hauv thawj txoj kev siv khoom siv, ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas kub thiab quab yuam coj mus rau kev txhim kho ntawm chav cav, uas nyeg ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub thiab ntsuas. Qhov kev siv hluav taws xob thib ob yog sawv cev los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob dav, thiab ntsuas hluav taws xob tau ua kom pom cov hluav taws xob yooj yim hauv hluav taws xob kom pom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws. Xyoo 1940 thiab xyoo 1950, ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntaub ntawv tswj tshuab xws li cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, kev thev naus laus zis thiab cov tshuab marine. Tsav los ntawm nws, lub metrology tau tsim ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws, yam tsawg kawg nkaus, tsis tshua muaj siab dua thiab thev naus laus zis xws li Nanotechnology thiab Aerospace Technology. Qhov kev thov dav ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li kev ntsuas lub cev, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob hloov kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab kev tshawb xyuas online, thiab kev kuaj tshuab online. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias txhua qhov leap hauv kev tswj hwm tau coj kev tsav tsheb loj thiab thev naus laus zis nce mus thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev ntsuas ntawm kev ntsuas ntawm cov teb.
Hauv 2018, 26th Lub Tuam Rooj Sab Laj Thoob Ntiaj Teb los lees txais cov kev ntsuas ntawm cov kev ntsuas ntawm kev ntsuas thiab ntsuas cov qauv ntsuas. Raws li cov kev daws teeb meem, tus kilo, lub mole, lub mole hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm SI uas tsis tu ncua tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Quantum Technology, ntsig txog. Noj ib kilogram ua piv txwv, ntau tshaj li lub xyoo dhau los, 1 kilogram tau sib npaug zos rau qhov loj thoob ntiaj teb "Big K" tshwj tseg ntawm cov metrology. Thaum lub cev loj ntawm "loj K" hloov pauv, tom qab ntawd chav tsev Kilogram tseem yuav hloov pauv, thiab cuam tshuam rau cov koog muaj feem xyuam. Cov kev hloov pauv no "lub cev", txhua txoj kev taug kev ntawm lub neej yuav muaj kev kuaj xyuas tus txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm, thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis sib xws tau daws qhov teeb meem no. Ib yam li xyoo 1967, thaum lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub sijhawm "thib ob tau raug hloov kho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb, thev naus laus zis, kev lag luam, kev noj qab haus huv, ib puag ncig thiab lwm thaj chaw.
Kev txhim kho kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, ntsuas ua ntej. Kev ntsuas tsis yog tsuas yog lub forerunner thiab lav ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tib neeg lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub xyoo no lub ntiaj teb nruab hnub metrology yog "ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv". Hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, los ntawm kev txiav txim siab me me kev kuaj lub cev thiab tshuaj kho cov protein thiab kev ntsuas kev kho mob, kho mob metrology yog qhov tsim nyog txhais tau tias yog qhov tsim nyog los yog kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob. Hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, metrology muab kev txhawb nqa rau kev saib xyuas thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm huab cua, thiab lwm yam kuab paug, thiab yog lub "hluav taws" los tiv thaiv cov roob ntsuab. Hauv kev ua zaub mov muaj kev nyab xeeb, kev nyab xeeb - Cov khoom noj muaj kuab dawb hauv txhua qhov kev tsim khoom thiab lwm yam, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ntsib cov kev cia siab rau kev xav kom noj qab haus huv. Yav tom ntej, metrology kuj tseem yuav txhawb lub zos, siab - cov cuab yeej siv hauv thaj chaw kev kuaj mob hauv Suav teb, thiab ua thiab txhawb nqa lub siab - Kev tsim kho kev lag luam kev noj qab haus huv.
Lub sij hawm Post: Aug - 21 - 2023