Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob puas yog?Vim li cas dej thiab roj ntsuas qee zaus khiav tawm ntawm "tus lej loj"?Navigation thaum tsav tsheb yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau lub sijhawm tiag tiag?Ntau yam ntawm lub neej niaj hnub muaj feem xyuam nrog kev ntsuas.Lub Tsib Hlis 20 yog "World Metrology Day", metrology zoo li huab cua, tsis pom, tab sis ib txwm nyob ib puag ncig tib neeg.
Kev ntsuas yog hais txog kev ua kom paub txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov chav nyob thiab qhov tseeb thiab txhim khu kev qha kom muaj nuj nqis, uas yog hu ua "kev ntsuas thiab ntsuas" hauv peb keeb kwm.Nrog rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, niaj hnub metrology tau tsim rau hauv kev qhuab qhia ywj pheej npog ntev, cua sov, tshuab, electromagnetism, xov tooj cua, lub sij hawm zaus, ionizing hluav taws xob, optics, acoustics, chemistry thiab lwm yam kaum pawg, thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm metrology. kuj tau nthuav dav rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev ntsuas thiab nws daim ntawv thov.
Metrology tau tsim sai sai nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Industrial Revolution, thiab tib lub sijhawm txhawb kev nce qib ntawm kev lag luam ntau lawm.Nyob rau hauv thawj Industrial Revolution, qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tau coj mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum, uas nyob rau hauv lem accelerated qhov yuav tsum tau rau qhov kub thiab txias ntsuas.Qhov thib ob kev lag luam kiv puag ncig yog sawv cev los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob dav dav, kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas tau nrawm rau kev kawm txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm hluav taws xob, thiab cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob tau txhim kho los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim qhia rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws.Nyob rau xyoo 1940 thiab 1950, lub kiv puag ncig ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv siv tshuab tau teeb tsa hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li cov ntaub ntawv, lub zog tshiab, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, biology, chaw siv tshuab thiab Marine technology.Tsav los ntawm nws, cov ntsuas ntsuas tau tsim los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws, yam tsawg kawg, tsis tshua muaj siab thiab tsis tshua muaj siab precision, uas tau txhawb kev nce qib sai ntawm kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub thiab thev naus laus zis xws li nanotechnology thiab aerospace technology.Kev siv dav dav ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li lub zog atomic, semiconductors, thiab cov khoos phis tawj hluav taws xob tau txhawb nqa kev hloov pauv ntawm macroscopic lub cev qauv ntawm kev ntsuas mus rau quantum benchmarks, thiab cov kev hloov tshiab tau ua nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb sensing technology, ntse thev naus laus zis, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav hauv online.Nws tuaj yeem hais tias txhua qhov leap hauv metrology tau coj lub zog tsav tsheb mus rau kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tshiab, kev ntsuas kev tshawb fawb thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm kev ntsuas hauv lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv 2018, lub 26th International Conference on Measurement tau pov npav los txais yuav ib tug daws teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub revision of the International System of Units (SI), uas revolutionized lub system ntawm ntsuas ntsuas thiab ntsuas benchmarks.Raws li kev daws teeb meem, kilogram, ampere, Kelvin thiab mole nyob rau hauv SI units tau hloov mus rau qhov kev txhais tsis tu ncua uas txhawb nqa los ntawm quantum metrology technology, raws li.Noj cov kilogram ua piv txwv, ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo dhau los, 1 kilogram yog sib npaug rau qhov hnyav ntawm International kilogram thawj "Big K" khaws cia los ntawm International Bureau of Metrology.Thaum lub cev loj ntawm "K loj" hloov, ces lub kilogram kuj tseem yuav hloov, thiab cuam tshuam rau ntau yam units.Cov kev hloov no "cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub cev", txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej yuav tsum tau rov tshuaj xyuas cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm, thiab cov txheej txheem txhais tau zoo kawg nkaus daws qhov teeb meem no.Ib yam li xyoo 1967, thaum lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav tsev ntawm lub sijhawm "thib ob" tau hloov kho nrog cov khoom ntawm lub atom, tib neeg niaj hnub no muaj satellite navigation thiab Internet technology, redefinition ntawm plaub theem pib yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau science, technology. , kev lag luam, kev noj qab haus huv, ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.
Kev loj hlob ntawm science thiab technology, kev ntsuas ua ntej.Kev ntsuas tsis yog tsuas yog tus thawj coj thiab kev lees paub ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, tab sis kuj yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tib neeg lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv.Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub xyoo no World Metrology Day yog "Kev Ntsuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv".Hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev kuaj lub cev me me thiab cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb thiab ntsuas cov proteins thiab RNA molecules thaum lub sij hawm tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev kho mob metrology yog ib qho tsim nyog txhais tau tias kom paub meej qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov cuab yeej kho mob.Hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, metrology muab kev txhawb nqa rau kev saib xyuas thiab tswj huab cua, dej zoo, av, hluav taws xob ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam kev ua qias tuaj, thiab yog "qhov muag hluav taws" los tiv thaiv cov roob ntsuab.Hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, cov zaub mov tsis muaj kuab paug yuav tsum ua kom raug ntsuas thiab kuaj xyuas cov khoom tsis zoo hauv txhua yam ntawm kev tsim khoom, ntim khoom, kev thauj mus los, kev muag khoom, thiab lwm yam.Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, metrology tseem xav kom txhawb lub localization, high-end thiab branding ntawm cov kev kuaj mob thiab cov khoom kho mob nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm biomedicine nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, thiab coj thiab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob zoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv kev lag luam.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-21-2023